Predicting Infectious Disease Scalable Model (PRISM) - A new tool in the fight against dengue by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) and the Department of Defense (DoD), US
Singapore: A team of scientists from Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) has developed a novel method known as Predicting Infectious Disease Scalable Model (PRISM) to accurately predict dengue fever outbreaks several weeks before they occur.
Although, presently the new method extracts relationships between clinical, meteorological, climatic and socio-political data in Peru and in the Philippines, it can be used in any geographical region and extended to other environmentally influenced infections affecting public health and military forces worldwide.
Prism's distinctive prediction method utilizes Fuzzy Association Rule Mining (FARM) to extract relationships between multiple variables in a data set. These relationships form rules, and when the best set of rules is automatically chosen, a classifier is formed. The classifier is then used to predict future incidence of the disease, in this case dengue fever, the second most common mosquito-borne disease, which puts more than one-third of the world's population at risk.
While Prism's pilot predictive analysis was the study of dengue fever in Peru, APL scientists have extended the method to predicting dengue in the Philippines and are working to fine-tune the model and expand its capabilities to include other infectious diseases. Once fully operational, PRISM will aid in the earliest possible detection of illness within a community by complementing electronic disease surveillance systems such as the APL-developed Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-based Epidemics (ESSENCE) and the Suite of Automated Global Electronic bioSurveillance (SAGES).
Prism is aimed at helping decision-makers and planners assess the future risk of a disease occurring in a specific geographic area at a specific time. Developed by APL's Dr Anna Buczak and a team of researchers from the Department of Defense (DoD), Prism predicts the severity of a given disease at a specific time and place with quantifiable accuracy, using original analytical and statistical methods. DoD is currently evaluating Prism for use in mitigating the effects of infectious disease in various operational settings.
Â
Dr Sheri Lewis, program manager, Global Disease Surveillance, APL, said that, "By predicting disease outbreaks when no disease is present, PRISM has the potential to save lives by allowing early public health intervention and decreasing the impact of an outbreak. Prism is designed to help public health leaders make informed decisions, mitigate threats and more effectively protect their populations."
Dr Lewis added, "Ideally, decision-makers want to learn about a disease outbreak before it spreads, and Prism will provide them with highly accurate information to protect our military forces deployed in at-risk areas. Dengue was the starting point for our work because the data were readily available, but eventually we want to apply the methodology to other diseases, such as malaria and influenza."
