Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India's largest research and development (R&D) organization, with 39 laboratories and 50 field stations or extension centers spread across the nation, has a budget allocation of Rs1,750 crore for 2012-13.
CSIR provides grant support to the institutions and organizations at low interest loans (three-to-five percent) under the New Millennium Indian Technology Leadership Initiative (NMLTI). It has enhanced its budget allocation of Rs11.79 crore by adding Rs15 crore, thereby allowing the program to spend about Rs26.79 crore up to 2017.

The Department of Health Research, which comes under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and is headed by the director general of ICMR, an apex body for the formulation, coordination and promotion of biomedical research, has a total budget provision of Rs660 crore in 2012-13 as against Rs588.26 crore in 2011-2012. In 2012-13, ICMR got Rs700 crore which is Rs88.15 crore more in comparison to the allocation of Rs621.85 in 2011-12.

According to Dr V M Katoch, director general, ICMR, "During the 10th Five Year Plan period there was a impetus given by the ICMR in developing infrastructure for conduct of fundamental and strategic research. This has resulted in the conduct of research which has provided encouraging leads for development of new products. In the 11th Plan, efforts are being made to pursue the leads for product development. The list of programs which have the potential to be translated into the National Health Care Program/Clinical Practice were obtained from the Directors of the Institutes."

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), an autonomous organization under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture, overseas the agricultural research with special focuses on agri biotechnology. Compared to the Rs2, 300 crore budget in 2010-11, the agency had Rs2,800 crore planned budget for the year 2011-12. Out of that, close to Rs1,000 crore was spent on the projects focused on biotechnological applications in livestock, crop improvement and field trials. It spends about Rs800 crore annually on various biotechnology-related research projects.

Recently the union cabinet approved a proposal of the Ministry of Agriculture for the establishment of an Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology (IIAB) in Ranchi, Jharkhand. The institute will be set up at a cost of approximately Rs287.50 crore during the 12th Five Year Plan.
The Department of Pharmaceuticals (DoP) has planned to set up a Rs10,000 crore venture capital fund to provide much-needed financial assistance to the players. The DoP will contribute 15 percent of this as the corpus. This is a public-private partnership model and the rest of the funds would be raised from other interested investors. The funds would be raised in three phases, including Rs3,000 crore in 2011-12, Rs5,000 crore by 2013 and Rs2,000 crore by 2015. The complete fund would be utilized by 2015. The plan is to provide financing for new drug discovery projects and for biopharmaceutical products in the country.